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'''H.M.S. ''Vanguard''''' (ex-''Rodney'') was one of three [[St. Vincent Class Battleship (1908)|''St. Vincent'' class battleshi Vickers won the contract for the construction of ''Vanguard'' with a tender of £628,000 for the hull and machinery. The unsuccessful tenders were: John

...by [[Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill]] soon after becoming [[First Lord of the Admiralty]].<ref>Churchill. ''Companion Volume II Part 3 1911-1914''. ...quire to be designed on the scale or in the same form as the General Staff of the Army.

[[File:Fisher, NPG x12902.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Admiral of the Fleet The Right Honourable Lord Fisher, 1916.<br><small>Portrait: © Na ...he history of the [[Royal Navy]]. He was actively involved in the service of the Navy for over sixty years, starting his career during the Crimean War a

[[File:Wemyss Orpen.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Admiral of the Fleet Rosslyn Wemyss, First Baron Wester Wemyss, portrayed as an Admira ...during the [[First World War]], followed by his elevation to the position of [[First Sea Lord]] in 1917.

...lian lives, some of them American. This severely reduced the effectiveness of U-boats against merchant ships, Scheer decided that it would be better to e .... was planned for 17 May but had to be postponed for six days because some of the battleships developed condenser problems. It was expected that Admiral

...Haven, NPG x28756.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Admiral of the Fleet the Marquess of Milford Haven, as an Admiral.<br><small>Photograph: © National Portrait Ga ...., K.C.M.G., P.C. (24 May, 1854 &ndash; 11 September, 1921) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]].

The '''Deputy First Sea Lord''' was an officer on the [[Board of Admiralty]] of the [[Royal Navy]]. ...on Wester Wemyss|Sir Rosslyn E. Wemyss]] was appointed a Lord Commissioner of the Admiralty as Deputy First Sea Lord on 6 September, 1917. An office memo

...dron effectively annihilated by a powerful British force under the command of [[Frederick Charles Doveton Sturdee]] especially assembled to avenge the lo ...mmander-in-Chief, South Atlantic and South Pacific. The Northern boundary of his station was Latitude 5° North, bounded to the East and West by the Cap

...ly active from its earliest days until amalgamation with the Military Wing of the R.F.C. to form the [[Royal Air Force]], in April, 1918. ...hese political battles increased in ferocity throughout the critical years of the war and resulted in the 1917 decision to create a unified Royal Air For

...y)|Tenth Cruiser Squadron]] on blockade duty in 1917. He saw out the rest of the war as Admiral Superintendent at Bermuda, and in 1921 was appointed [[A ...r Naval Cadetships, Singer placed thirty-third out of the successful batch of forty-six candidates.<ref>"Naval Cadetships" (News). ''The Times''. Satur

...Naval History at the University of Cambridge, and was then elected Master of Downing College, which position he held until his death. ...rbert had first developed an interest in joining the navy when, at the age of ten, he had visited Portsmouth. He attended St Mark's School, near Windsor

...et Sir Arthur K. Wilson (seen as a Vice-Admiral).<br><small>Image: Library of Congress.</small>]] ...fused a Peerage and only succeeded to the Wilson Baronetcy after the death of his brother in 1919.

...', C.B., Retired (7 March, 1862 &ndash; 15 September, 1948) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]] during the [[First World War]] and a historian. ...ollege, Greenwich]] with ten others from Burney's, six of whom passed, one of whom was [[Christopher George Francis Maurice Cradock|Christopher Cradock]]

[[File:Sir-Percy-Moreton-Scott-1st-Bt-Men-of-the-Day-No-893-Gunnery, NPG D45188.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Admiral Percy M. S ...od leading up to the [[First World War]]. It is particularly in the field of naval gunnery, and the concurrent drive for accuracy, for which he is most-

...f the [[Royal Navy]] formed in October, 1909 to perform the basic function of a naval staff, and to formulate naval war plans and study naval strategy. ...ligence for carrying out the Duties of a General Staff and Re-organisation of the Naval Intelligence Department." 15 May, 1909. The National Archives.

...the Fleet Sir Doveton Sturdee, as a Rear-Admiral.<br><small>Photo: Library of Congress.</small>]] ...rce in South American waters, thus avenging the British defeat at [[Battle of Coronel|Coronel]].

Born on Gloucester Road, the son of James Bailey, M.P.. He passed out of {{UK-1Britannia}} in December, 1897 ranked eleventh of the sixty-four cadets who passed out, with 1731 marks.{{NMI|Thursday, Dec 1

...brother [[Alfred Charles Dewar|Alfred]]) of the ''Naval Staff Appreciation of Jutland'' &mdash; an account so pointed and contentious that copies were re ...tchison|John de M. Hutchison]], commanding Devonport Naval Barracks, wrote of Dewar:

...Navy, Retired (24 October, 1870 &ndash; 23 December, 1939) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. ...ed in her only until late November. An appointment to {{UK-1Bellerophon}} of the North America and West Indies Station came on 16 December. He would st

...the British Army, Inspector of Merchant Navy Gunnery and finally as Chief of Air Services at the Admiralty. ...aining Ship)|''Britannia'']] at Dartmouth.{{DreyerSeaHeritage|p. 25}} Out of the sixty successful candidates for cadetships in the [[Royal Navy]] examin

...Rushworth Jellicoe, First Earl Jellicoe|Earl Jellicoe]] in the possession of the British Library, London. ...e's drafts of an appendix (in three chapters) to a proposed second edition of The Grand Fleet are now Add. MS. 49040. See also Brit. Mus. Quart., xiii, 1

...pher Pakenham]]) in the [[Japanese Empire|Japanese]] fleet at the [[Battle of Tsushima]] in 1905 and was praised for his cool bearing by Admiral [[Tōgō ...aminations for cadetships in the Royal Navy, coming sixth out of his batch of twenty.<ref>"Naval and Military Intelligence" (Official Appointments and No

...-Brownlow-Keyes-1st-Baron-Keyes, NPG x168736.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Admiral of the Fleet Keys as a Rear-Admiral, 1918.<br><small>Portrait: © National Por ...e]] and [[Ostend Raid]]s in 1918, and for his service as Chief of Combined Operations in 1940&ndash;1941.

...fred-Dudley-Pickman-Rogers-Pound, NPG x66639.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Admiral of the Fleet Alfred D. P. R. Pound as a Captain, 1920.<br><small>Portrait: © ...V.O., Royal Navy (29 August, 1877 &ndash; 21 October, 1943) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]].

...oyte Harper|JOHN ERNEST TROYTE HARPER]] of "Ilam", Hawkhurst in the County of Kent, Vice-Admiral (retired), do Solemnly and Sincerely Declare— ...cial Record of the Battle of Jutland was prepared by me and is to the best of my belief a true statement in every respect.

...R.G.S., Royal Navy (27 January, 1868 &ndash; 26 June, 1929) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. Arthur Cavenagh Leveson was born on 27 January, 1868, in Kingston, the son of Mr. Edward J. Leveson, an East Indies Merchant, and Mary Leveson. He enter

....R.G.S., Royal Navy (10 August, 1850 &ndash; 1 March, 1911) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. Curzon-Howe was born the youngest of thirteen children of Richard Curzon-Howe, First Earl Howe.

...s Division|Deputy Director of Operation Division]], being placed in charge of the Mining Section.<ref>May Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/44/120.|}} f. 12 ...tish Empire (C.B.E.) for "valuable services as Deputy Director, Operations Division."{{GazSup|31421|8066|27 June, 1919}} He was placed on the Retired List at

..., C.M.G., Royal Navy (15 June, 1875 &ndash; 1 August, 1940) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. He was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 1 October, 1897.<ref>Parker Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/4

==Report of Proceedings== ...of to-day, I have the honour to submit the following report of the action of 31st May 1916.

...ficer of the [[Royal Navy]]. He would come to be the head of minesweeping operations in 1917. He was confirmed in the rank of Sub-Lieutenant dated 14 October, 1894.{{Gaz|26681|6252|19 November, 1895}}

...m|K.C.M.G.}}, R.N. (11 October, 1869 &ndash; 11 July, 1959) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. Hope was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}}, dated 11 October, 1889.{{Gaz|26030|1268|7 March, 1890}}

...K.C.B., Royal Navy (5 April, 1877 &ndash; 20 August, 1951) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. ...Royal Navy]] held on 25 November, 1890, Tweedie placed joint thirtieth out of fifty-seven successful candidates, with 1,254 marks.<ref>"Cadetships in the

...S.O., LL.D., R.N. (15 March, 1862 &ndash; 20 October, 1936) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. ...King-Hall was specially promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} with seniority of 18 November, 1882.{{Gaz|25169|5173|17 November, 1882}}

....O., Royal Navy (15 November, 1877 &ndash; 7 October, 1971) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. Tomkinson was promoted to the rank of {{CommRN}} on 30 June, 1910.<ref>Tomkinson Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/4

...L.L.D. Royal Navy (16 January, 1880 &ndash; 25 July, 1955) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. The son of Charles S. Noble, late of the Bengal Staff Corps.

...S.O., Royal Navy (22 August, 1880 &ndash; 16 October, 1967) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. ...names of Ernle-Erle-Drax. Thenceforth he was usually known by the surname of Drax.

'''Concentration''' is the practice and method of having more than a single ship fire upon the same target. Although the pra ...ipment during the war allowed fire to be joined with ever-diminishing loss of effectiveness due to mutual interference and confusion.

...fore January, 1912 at the latest. He also updated Asquith on the progress of plans for a War Staff: ...ee) under the Chief of the War Staff, who will be the servant of the Board of Admiralty as a whole, tho' brought in special contact with the First Sea Lo

...ding to Dr. Nicholas Black, seventy-five Royal Navy officers served in the division during the war.<ref>Black. ''British Naval Staff''. p. 21.</ref> ...aval Staff, gave his approval on 17 March.<ref>"Organisation of Operations Division." O.D. 116. {{TNA|ADM 116/1803.}}</ref>

...1918 the '''Intelligence Division''') was the intelligence-gathering body of the [[Royal Navy]]'s [[Admiralty War Staff]] and successor [[Naval Staff (R ...tzMaurice|Maurice S. FitzMaurice]], had been additional Assistant Director of Naval Intelligence in the N.I.D.

...Navy, Retired (15 December, 1843 &ndash; 30 January, 1917) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. Kane was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} with seniority of 31 August, 1864.<ref>Kane Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/36/1849.|}} f. 741.

...ced duty two days later. It was a development and enlargement of the work of the preceding [[Anti-Submarine Committee (Royal Navy)|Anti-Submarine Commit ...ing to Dr. Nicholas Black, seventy-seven Royal Navy officers served in the division during the war.{{BlackNavalStaff|p. 21}}

...V.O., Royal Navy (18 October, 1877 &ndash; 4 January, 1962) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. Born in Greenwich, Reinold gained ten months time on passing out of {{UK-1Britannia}}. He was first appointed, additional, to ''Narcissus'' in

...the war, and appointed [[Director of Naval Ordnance (Royal Navy)|Director of Naval Ordnance]] within the first month, staying in that post until April i ...or as D.N.O. Tudor being appointed 3^<u>rd</u> Sea Lord in place of Moore who was to go to sea. Accordingly I took over in the next few days,

...by the [[Naval Intelligence Division (Royal Navy)|Intelligence Division]] of the [[Admiralty War Staff]]. ...responsible for drawing up schemes of mobilisation.<ref>Allen. ''Origins of the Naval Intelligence Department''. p. 73.</ref>

...r a story rich in nuance, varied in each telling, and couched in the voice of strained rationalisation. ...xtent that it would "justify attaching the name of battle-cruisers to many of them." Later in his talk, he made these remarks:

[[File:Sir-John-Donald-Kelly, NPG x82543.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Admiral of the Fleet John D. Kelly as a Rear- or Vice-Admiral, 1926.<br><small>Portrai ...C.V.O., Royal Navy (13 July, 1871 &ndash; 4 November, 1936) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]].

...oyal Navy, Retired (16 June, 1872 &ndash; 10 January, 1955) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. ...4 August, 1891. He was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} with seniority of 14 August, 1892.{{Gaz|26356|7551|23 December, 1892}}

...) been re-examined by Morgan-Owen, who concluded that “the naval portion of his [Wilson’s] strategy &hellip; was far more credible than has hitherto ...Right Hon. D. L<small>LOYD</small> G<small>EORGE</small>, M.P., Chancellor of the Exchequer.</p>

The '''Naval Mobilisation Department''' was a department of the Admiralty from 1909 to 1912. ...a new Naval Mobilisation Department.{{UKNavalStaff|p. 48}} It became part of the [[Admiralty War Staff]] in 1912.

...ok at the historiography on the issue, and a brief examination of the fate of the then-[[Third Sea Lord]], Rear-Admiral (later Admiral Sir) [[Frederick C ...iam Graham Greene|Sir W. Graham Greene]], for the attention of the [[Board of Admiralty|Board]]:

...padding-right: 10em; text-align: left; color: gray; ">At the commencement of a great war, with innumerable fresh problems confronting the belligerents, ...uiser Force C) of the [[Southern Force]], were under the temporary command of {{CaptRN}} [[John Edmund Drummond|John E. Drummond]]. Rear-Admiral [[Henry

...}, additional, in the Pacific, but displayed such disobedience and neglect of duty en route in {{UK-Garnet}} that he lost two months time as punishment. Beal was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} in December, 1896 and was re-appointed to {{UK-Volage}} in the

Born in Charlton, Grant passed out of {{UK-1Britannia}} with a commendable eleven months' seniority in December 1 Grant was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} January, 1892.<ref>Grant Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/43/69.|

Egerton was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 15 April, 1900.<ref>Egerton Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/4 Egerton was promoted to the rank of {{CommRN}} on 30 June, 1912.{{NLMar13|p. 24}}

...ter that year and the Admiralty chastised Walker for the mishap on account of "not acting with sufficient promptitude."<ref>Walker Service Record. {{TNA Walker was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 30 April, 1913.<ref>Walker Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/53

...rated in a screening role for the [[Battle Cruiser Fleet]] at the [[Battle of Jutland]]. ...luded his own report for ''Southampton'' with enclosures from the captains of the other three light cruisers in his formation.{{UKJutlandOD|pp.175-184}}

...ts primary mission was to monitor barriers and defences at the eastern end of the English Channel to prevent U-boats from gaining access to western areas It also harrassed German fortifications on the coast of occupied Belgium.

...}, R.N., Retired (27 February, 1876 &ndash; 12 April, 1962) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]]. ...and), Tuesday, Jul 01, 1890; pg. 8; Issue 33052.</ref> Perhaps indicative of his luck or his wisdom, whilst in his second term at ''Britannia'' Collard

Turner was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 30 March, 1906.<ref>Turner Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/50 Turner was appointed to {{UK-Mercury}} for command of submarines on 20 April, 1908.<ref>Turner Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/50/

Layton was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 30 November, 1905.<ref>Layton Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196 ...f submarines. On New Year's Day, 1909, he moved to {{UK-Vulcan}} for more of the same.<ref>Layton Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/49/134.|D7604233}} f. ?

Edward-Collins was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 26 December, 1904.{{NLMar13|p. 24}} Edward-Collins was promoted to the rank of {{LCommRN}} on 26 December, 1912.{{INF}}

Palmer was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 1 April, 1911.<ref>Palmer Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/52/8 ...-Pelorus}}, in command of an armed launch until being appointed in command of {{UK-Gadfly}} on 27 December, 1915.<ref>Palmer Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 19

Spooner was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 30 January, 1909. Spooner was promoted to the rank of {{LCommRN}} on 30 January, 1917.

Burke was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 15 September, 1902.<ref>Burke Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196 ...sers as torpedo officer, in the midst of which he was promoted to the rank of {{LCommRN}} on 15 September, 1910 while serving in his first capital ship,

...Naval Academy from the same state. He graduated 8 June, 1912 with the rank of {{EnsUS}} and orders to the battleship {{US-Georgia}}.{{USOfficerReg1913|pp Alden was promoted to the rank of {{LtJGUS}} on 8 June, 1915. He began service in submarines in December, 191

Marston gained five months' time on passing out of {{UK-1Britannia}} in December, 1886. ...minations. Before he even got there, on 27 March he was blamed for a want of discretion in grounding the {{UK-Firm|f=t}} in the Humber. Things did pick

...t and the [[Chief Inspector of Naval Ordnance (Royal Navy)|Chief Inspector of Naval Ordnance]]'s department also came under the Naval Ordnance Department ...rick Hotham|Charles F. Hotham]], was still using the term Director General of Naval Ordnance in 1888, however.<ref>''Fourth Report from the Select Commit

Sandford was born in the Vicarage in Carnwood, the son of the Archdeacon of Exeter, Reverend E. G. Sandford.<ref>Sandford Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 19 ...sing with 1612 of 2000 marks, but ill health continued throughout the rest of 1911, permitting him a trip to Mannheim for treatment.<ref>Sandford Service

..., whose service record shows only an appointment to the Naval Intelligence Division on 9 May, 1918, had been placed on the Retired List on 27 October,<ref>Gaun ...change List 1918." Revised August, 1918. Accessed at the National Museum of the Royal Navy.</ref>

Born in Leamington the son of Captain J. H. Blacklock, whom I cannot identify. Blacklock was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 31 December, 1911.

Harcourt Morris was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 15 October, 1913.<ref>Harcourt Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196 Harcourt was promoted to the rank of {{LCommRN}} on 15 October, 1921.<ref>Harcourt Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196

Eccles was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 15 May, 1920.{{UBAlly|807}} Eccles was promoted to the rank of {{LCommRN}} on 15 May, 1928.{{UBAlly|807}}

...served as Midshipman on {{UK-Revenge}}, and fought in her at the [[Battle of Jutland]].<ref>Pizey Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/96/136.|}} f. 167.</ref Pizey was promoted to the rank of {{LieutRN}} on 15 December, 1920.<ref>Pizey Service Record. {{TNA|ADM 196/

...ties of the fleet and personnel that had so rapidly matured alongside that of the emergent German threat. ...d have been an operation of a wholly different character from the approach of 15 well-controlled and unencumbered battleships.’<ref>Winston Churchill,

A list of the papers of Rear-Admiral [[Royer Mylius Dick]] in the possession of the National Maritime Museum, London. ...nd magazine cuttings relating to Dick's early career, including the Battle of the Falklands.